UNIT 1:
Image representation, fundamental steps in image processing, image model. Sampling & quantization. Neighbors of a pixel, connectivity and distance measures. Basic transformations and perspective transformations. Two dimensional Fourier transform, Discrete Fourier transform and their properties. Fast Fourier transform, Walsh Transform, Hadamard transform and Discrete Cosine transform.

UNIT 2:
Image Enhancement: Intensity transformations, histogram processing, Image subtraction, image averaging, Spatial filtering-smoothing and sharpening filters, frequency domain filtering methods-low pass filtering, high pass filtering, median filtering.

UNIT 3:
Image compression: Redundancy and its types. Image compression model, variable length coding, bit plane coding, constant area coding, run length coding, lossless and lossy predictive coding, transform coding.

UNIT 4:
Image restoration and Segmentation: Degradation model, effect of diagonalisation on degradation, algebraic approach. Detection of discontinuities by point, line and edge detection. Edge linking, graph theoretic techniques, thresholding techniques, region oriented segmentation.

UNIT 5:
Representation & Description: Chain codes, polygonal approximations, signatures, boundary segments, skeleton, boundary descriptors, shape descriptors regional descriptors, image morphology-dilation, erosion, opening, closing, thickening, thinning, skeleton, pruning,, hit or miss transform.